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Current Affairs and GK · 6 questions · about 1 min to read

G20 New Delhi Summit

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The passage

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India hosted the G20 Leaders' Summit in New Delhi on September 9–10, 2023, under the presidency theme 'Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam — One Earth, One Family, One Future.' The summit achieved a landmark consensus on the New Delhi Declaration, adopted by all 19 member nations plus the European Union. A significant diplomatic achievement was the language agreed upon regarding the Russia-Ukraine war: the Declaration referenced the suffering caused by the conflict and the UN Charter's prohibition on the acquisition of territory by force, without explicitly attributing blame to Russia — language that allowed both Russia and Western nations to endorse the declaration.

The summit also saw the historic inclusion of the African Union as a permanent member of the G20, elevating it from observer status. India championed this expansion as part of its broader advocacy for the Global South. Key outcomes included agreements on green hydrogen, digital public infrastructure, and sustainable development financing.

Prime Minister Modi announced the India-Middle East-Europe Economic Corridor (IMEC) at the summit — a proposed connectivity project linking India to Europe through the Middle East via rail and shipping networks. The corridor is seen as a potential counter to China's Belt and Road Initiative.

  1. Q1. What was the theme of India's G20 Presidency in 2023?

    1. Recover Together, Recover Stronger
    2. Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam — One Earth, One Family, One Future
    3. Building Consensus for Fair and Sustainable Development
    4. Towards Responsible AI and Inclusive Growth
    Show answer

    Answer: B. Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam — One Earth, One Family, One Future

    The passage states: 'India hosted the G20 Leaders' Summit in New Delhi... under the presidency theme 'Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam — One Earth, One Family, One Future.''

  2. Q2. Which organisation was admitted as a permanent G20 member at the New Delhi Summit?

    1. The Arab League
    2. ASEAN
    3. The African Union
    4. The Organisation of Islamic Cooperation
    Show answer

    Answer: C. The African Union

    The passage states: 'the historic inclusion of the African Union as a permanent member of the G20, elevating it from observer status.'

  3. Q3. What is the India-Middle East-Europe Economic Corridor (IMEC) described as in the passage?

    1. A free trade agreement between India, Gulf nations, and the European Union
    2. A proposed connectivity project linking India to Europe through the Middle East via rail and shipping networks
    3. A digital infrastructure initiative to connect data centres across three continents
    4. A joint defence cooperation framework between India, the UAE, and NATO
    Show answer

    Answer: B. A proposed connectivity project linking India to Europe through the Middle East via rail and shipping networks

    The passage states: 'a proposed connectivity project linking India to Europe through the Middle East via rail and shipping networks.'

  4. Q4. The diplomatic language on the Russia-Ukraine war in the New Delhi Declaration was notable because:

    1. It explicitly condemned Russia's invasion in stronger terms than any previous G20 declaration
    2. It allowed both Russia and Western nations to endorse the declaration by referencing suffering and the UN Charter without attributing blame to Russia
    3. It called for an immediate ceasefire and mandatory peace negotiations
    4. It excluded Russia from future G20 meetings pending withdrawal from Ukraine
    Show answer

    Answer: B. It allowed both Russia and Western nations to endorse the declaration by referencing suffering and the UN Charter without attributing blame to Russia

    The passage explains: 'language that allowed both Russia and Western nations to endorse the declaration' — it referenced the UN Charter without explicitly blaming Russia.

  5. Q5. The G20, prior to the inclusion of the African Union, consisted of how many permanent members?

    1. 18
    2. 19 nations plus the European Union
    3. 20 nations
    4. 21 nations plus the European Union
    Show answer

    Answer: B. 19 nations plus the European Union

    The passage refers to 'all 19 member nations plus the European Union' endorsing the New Delhi Declaration. The African Union's inclusion adds a new permanent member beyond this original composition.

  6. Q6. The Belt and Road Initiative, mentioned in the passage, is associated with which country?

    1. Russia
    2. Japan
    3. China
    4. The United States
    Show answer

    Answer: C. China

    The passage states IMEC 'is seen as a potential counter to China's Belt and Road Initiative' — confirming the BRI is China's project. This is background GK.

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