88 judgments, 1 amendment and 19 notifications dated September 2026. Each is summarised from the judgment, Act or notification itself, with the source linked and a note on how CLAT could test it.
A 135-year-old trust deed executed in 1891 created two charities: a "Chathiram" endowed for feeding the poor, students and travellers, and a "Kattalai" endowed for temple worship.
A finance company enforced a mortgage over a hill resort under the SARFAESI Act, 2002, issuing an auction notice fixing a reserve price of Rs. 20 crore.
A cheque for Rs. 3,00,000, issued to repay a loan, was dishonoured, and the payee sent a statutory demand notice under proviso (b) to Section 138 of the Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881 by registered post to the drawer's correct address; the notice was received by his mother.
A real-estate developer's project, Greenopolis in Gurgaon, was pushed into corporate insolvency resolution in 2019 after an operational creditor's Section 9 petition under the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code, 2016 was admitted.
A contractor executing PMGSY road-building packages for the Chhattisgarh Rural Road Development Agency had running bills withheld, and the Executive Engineer separately ordered Rs. 84,17,003 to be deducted from three ongoing, unrelated contracts to recover an alleged overpayment of over Rs. 2 crore found by a committee probing an earlier, distinct set of road contracts.
A writ petitioner's son, who ran a licensed liquor shop, alleged that an Excise Assistant Commissioner had extorted money from him over several months and threatened to falsely implicate him, and that he died by suicide after recording a video statement.
A Revenue Department employee's promotion to Tahsildar was denied because her tenure as Firka Revenue Inspector fell three months and thirteen days short of the two years mandated by service rules, a shortfall that arose only because she was transferred to a different post when she rejoined duty after six months of maternity leave, a transfer she had not sought.
A police Sub-Inspector attached to the Special Armed Force (SAF) was sent to the Special Task Force (STF) in 2019 and repatriated to SAF in 2020.
The High Court of Madhya Pradesh at Indore dismissed the State's appeal against an order discharging a man, Iqbal, from charges of kidnapping under Section 363 IPC, penetrative sexual assault under Sections 7/8 of the POCSO Act, 2012, and an aggravated offence under Section 3(ii)(v) of the SC/ST (Prevention of Atrocities) Act, 1989, arising from Dhar district.
The appellant was detained under Section 3(2) of the National Security Act, 1980 after being implicated, though not named in the original FIR, in the November 2024 violence during a mosque survey in Sambhal, Uttar Pradesh, in which four people died.
A suit for specific performance based on an alleged oral agreement for sale of land was decreed by both the trial court and the High Court, largely because the defendants' witnesses gave evasive answers under cross-examination, which the courts treated as supporting an adverse inference in the plaintiff's favour.
In 47 connected civil appeals arising from acquisition of contiguous farmland across six villages in Fazilka, Punjab for a drainage canal, the Punjab and Haryana High Court had graded the compensation using a 'radial step-down' model, paying less to land farther from the border and more to land closer to it, even though all the land was acquired under the same notification.
The Supreme Court acquitted a man convicted under the Chhattisgarh Agricultural Cattle Preservation Act, 2004 for allegedly transporting 32 bullocks toward Odisha in a truck escorted by a car in which he was travelling.
Deciding a second appeal under Section 58 of the Real Estate (Regulation and Development) Act, 2016 (RERA), the Bombay High Court upheld an order directing a builder, Sanklecha Constructions, to refund the entire amount paid by home buyers, with interest, because the promised occupation certificate for the project had still not been obtained.
The Bombay High Court quashed a nearly three-decade-old eviction order passed by an Estate Officer under the Public Premises (Eviction of Unauthorised Occupants) Act, 1971 against tenants occupying premises owned by Oriental Insurance Company in Mumbai.
A bank had taken possession of a mortgaged house under the SARFAESI Act after the borrower defaulted on his loan.
Years of rivalry between trade unions at an MRF tyre factory in Arakkonam over which union should be recognised as the workers' collective-bargaining agent led the Tamil Nadu Commissioner of Labour to verify union membership under the tripartite Code of Discipline in Industry, by personally scrutinising each union's membership records and interrogating claimed members over a defined period, rather than by a ballot.
The Supreme Court dismissed an appeal by ASJ Finsolutions, the successful bidder for a plot of land sold in the liquidation of a company under the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code, 2016, after it failed to pay the balance sale consideration within the time allowed.
The Supreme Court cancelled the bail of an elected municipal Corporator and three others accused of assaulting and verbally abusing doctors on duty in a hospital labour ward in Kalyan, Maharashtra, over a dispute about shifting a patient in labour.
Ruling in a writ petition brought by an association of semi-government employees, the Supreme Court closed a long-running dispute over unpaid dues owed to workers of five state-owned corporations that were split between Bihar and Jharkhand after the Bihar Reorganisation Act, 2000 divided the state.
Hearing petitions filed by a wife seeking to transfer her matrimonial and criminal proceedings out of Odisha, the Supreme Court found that the parties, having reached a settlement, were in fact agreeable to ending their marriage by mutual consent, with the husband having already paid the agreed permanent alimony in full.
Taking suo motu notice of a series of sexual offences in Delhi-NCR, including an alleged gang rape in a public park near a women's college and the alleged rape and murder of a teenager, the Supreme Court held that the right to live with dignity, free from fear of violence in public spaces, is part of the guarantee of life and personal liberty under Article 21 of the Constitution.
When a private CBSE-affiliated school in Karaikudi mixed up the order of subjects on its own submission to the Board, twenty families found their children's college admissions suddenly at risk.
The Madras High Court ordered the Tamil Nadu police to appoint a young man as a Jail Warden, four years after his selection was cancelled solely because of a criminal case arising from the 2017 Jallikattu protests, in which he had been named as an accused only as an afterthought and was never identified by a single prosecution witness.
A three-judge bench led by Chief Justice Surya Kant vacated the arrest of the vessel M.V. Nereus Progress at Tuticorin Port, setting aside a Madras High Court judgment.
The Supreme Court restored an award of ₹8 lakh with interest to the parents of a young man who fell from the general compartment of a train between Sabarmati and Ahmedabad on 27 September 2017 and died of his injuries a month later.
The Supreme Court acquitted a man convicted of rape after holding that a court cannot disbelieve a prosecutrix's testimony for one charge while relying on the very same testimony to convict on another.
The Bombay High Court directed authorities to issue a Scheduled Tribe caste certificate to a woman whose claim to belong to the Thakur tribe had been challenged and re-litigated for close to thirty years, through three rounds of scrutiny-committee proceedings, two earlier remands by the High Court, a Division Bench that once dismissed her case, and finally a Supreme Court order sending it back for a fresh, individual decision.
The Chhattisgarh High Court acquitted a man convicted in 2011 under Section 304 Part I IPC for a death in Bilaspur district, holding that the trial court had used its questioning power under Section 165 of the Indian Evidence Act, 1872 improperly.
Hearing the State's appeal against an acquittal, the Chhattisgarh High Court partly reversed a 2016 judgment in a case against the doctors and operator of a hospital in Korba district.
The Madhya Pradesh High Court, Jabalpur, upheld a Rs. 3,000 monthly maintenance order for a wife after her husband tried, years into the case, to argue that the Family Court which passed it never had jurisdiction to hear it at all.
The Madhya Pradesh High Court, Jabalpur, refused to throw out a family's suit over ancestral property, holding that a purchase made in a child's name by a parent falls outside the Benami Transactions (Prohibition) Act, 1988.
The Madras High Court acquitted three men convicted of murder over a dispute that began with an argument over four kilograms of beef and escalated into a double stabbing in Coimbatore.
A Division Bench of the Madras High Court, led by Chief Justice Sushrut Arvind Dharmadhikari, dismissed a public interest petition against six Tamil Nadu MLAs who resigned soon after the 2026 Assembly elections, forcing bye-elections under Section 151A of the Representation of the People Act, 1951.
The Punjab and Haryana High Court upheld the State Bank of India's classification of a former company director as a fraud account, but only after confirming that the bank had actually given him a fair hearing first, a requirement it read into RBI's Master Directions on fraud classification even though those Directions do not expressly mention one.
In an appeal against a death sentence imposed for the sexual assault and killing of a minor child by her stepfather, punishable under Sections 302 and 376AB of the Indian Penal Code and Sections 5 and 6 of the POCSO Act, the Supreme Court reaffirmed the two-pronged test from the Constitution Bench decision in Bachan Singh v. State of Punjab for deciding whether a case falls within the 'rarest of rare' category warranting death.
In a custody dispute between a father ('R') and mother ('E'), the Supreme Court found that a POCSO Act complaint filed by the mother against the father, alleging sexual assault of their child, was engineered to regain custody after the Court had earlier confirmed custody with the father.
Two men convicted of murdering a woman and her two young daughters, under Section 302 read with Section 34 of the Indian Penal Code, had been sentenced by the Trial Court to rigorous imprisonment for life with a direction that they 'remain in prison till rest of their life' — that is, life imprisonment excluding the ordinary remission regime.
The Supreme Court set aside an Allahabad High Court order that had reinstated a Railway Protection Special Force constable removed from service in 1983.
The Bombay High Court granted Parle Agro Private Limited (PAPL) interim relief under Section 9 of the Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996, against two of its bottled-water franchisees after an audit found them manufacturing and selling a competing brand, "SURE", from the franchise premises.
The Bombay High Court upheld a life sentence for a man convicted of murdering his wife, in a case built entirely on circumstantial evidence with no eyewitness and no forensic report on the exact cause of death.
The Bombay High Court quashed an order of the Director of Town Planning that had rejected a landowner's Purchase Notice under Section 49 of the Maharashtra Regional and Town Planning Act, 1966 (MRTP Act).
The Bombay High Court dismissed a wife's suit for divorce and Rs. 5 crore in alimony against her husband, holding that Indian courts had no jurisdiction because the couple's marriage was never solemnised in India under the Parsi Marriage and Divorce Act, 1936.
The Chhattisgarh High Court quashed an order withholding one annual increment, without cumulative effect, of an Assistant Draftsman in the Rural Engineering Services at Korba.
The Madhya Pradesh High Court, Gwalior, dismissed a husband's petition asking it to use its supervisory power under Article 227 of the Constitution to quash his wife's application under Section 9 of the Hindu Marriage Act, 1955, for restitution of conjugal rights, which he called an abuse of process filed only to counter his own divorce petition.
The Madras High Court dismissed a legislator's challenge to a Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly resolution on the Mekedatu dam project, holding that Article 212(1) of the Constitution bars courts from reviewing an irregularity of procedure inside a state legislature.
The Punjab and Haryana High Court dismissed a NEET-UG 2026 qualifier's plea to gain priority admission to MBBS and BDS courses under Punjab's one per cent reserved quota for migrants displaced from Jammu and Kashmir by militancy, holding that a domicile waiver granted to that special category cannot be cut down by reading it together with an unrelated residence condition for ordinary state-quota seats.
A batch of writ petitions under Article 32 — led by Dr. Jaya Thakur and including the Association for Democratic Reforms and the People's Union for Civil Liberties — challenge Sections 6, 7 and 8(2) of the Chief Election Commissioner and other Election Commissioners (Appointment, Conditions of Service and Term of Office) Act, 2023 as ultra vires Articles 14 and 324.
Deciding cross-appeals in a bitter custody dispute between separated parents over their two minor children, the Supreme Court held that the 'Tender Years Doctrine' — the presumption that very young children should ordinarily be placed with their mother — cannot be applied as a determinative principle in Indian custody law.
The Supreme Court dealt with appeals against a Division Bench of the Himachal Pradesh High Court, which had allowed a public interest litigation (PIL) and quashed the award of a Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana road-upgradation contract (Matiana-Mahori-Chhaila road) to O.P. Mehta, directing a re-tender.
Mahanadi Coalfields Ltd had a works contract with GSCO Infrastructure Pvt Ltd that contained no arbitration clause.
A Division Bench of the Bombay High Court quashed a 2013 order of the Medical Council of India that had removed two doctors' names from the medical register, one for six months and the other for three years, on a patient's complaint of medical negligence in treating urinary stone and urethral stricture problems between 2005 and 2007.
The Supreme Court set aside the conviction of Jaswinder Singh, a Patwari, under Sections 7 and 13(2) of the Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988, for allegedly demanding and accepting Rs. 9,500 as a bribe for mutating a property.
Deciding a special leave petition filed by the father of a patient who died in hospital care, allegedly due to the negligence of a doctor and a nurse, an offence under Section 304A read with Section 34 of the Indian Penal Code, the Supreme Court clarified which forum hears a victim's appeal against an acquittal under the new Bharatiya Nagrik Suraksha Sanhita (BNSS), 2023.
Deciding an appeal arising from a matrimonial dispute in which a husband had obtained an anti-suit injunction from an Indian trial court restraining his wife from pursuing divorce and maintenance proceedings she had filed before a UK Family Court, the Supreme Court restated the principles that govern when an Indian court may grant such relief.
The Supreme Court set aside a Kerala High Court order that had remanded a cheque-dishonour trial under Section 138 of the Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881, back to the stage of defence evidence, and restored the accused's criminal revision petition for the High Court to decide afresh on its merits.
The Supreme Court restored a criminal complaint against a neighbour accused of forging a building plan, setting aside a Bombay High Court order at Goa that had discharged her under Sections 468, 471 and 420 of the Indian Penal Code.
In a dispute traced back to a 1996 public-works contract for a Gas Turbine Power Project in Tripura, the Supreme Court examined whether an Arbitral Tribunal was competent, under Section 31(7)(a) of the Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996, to award pre-reference interest despite a contract clause restricting interest.
In a dispute among the heirs of one Gangaram, who died in 1949 leaving a son through his first wife and a second wife, Kashibai, with two daughters, the Supreme Court upheld a second appeal that had gone in favour of the daughters against the son's claim to be the sole owner of the family's house properties.
The Karnataka High Court refused to quash a cluster of criminal and money-laundering proceedings against a real-estate developer, Ozone Urbana Infra Developers, and its promoters, over allegations that funds collected from home buyers under subvention-scheme arrangements with banks were diverted.
The Karnataka High Court constituted a Special Investigation Team to investigate afresh alleged malpractice in recruitments by the Karnataka Public Service Commission.
A Division Bench of the Punjab and Haryana High Court dismissed a Letters Patent Appeal by a father and his family against a single judge's order that allowed a mother's habeas corpus petition and directed that her son, aged about four years and five months, be handed to her.
The Supreme Court ordered a de novo investigation into the 2012 rape and murder of a 17-year-old college student in Belthangady, Karnataka.
The Supreme Court referred to a larger bench a conflict between the Trade Marks Act, 1999 and the Commercial Courts Act, 2015.
The Supreme Court set aside a Bombay High Court judgment that had granted default bail to accused persons arrested by Maharashtra's Anti-Terrorism Squad in September 2022 on charges under Sections 120B, 121A and 153A IPC and Section 13(1)(b) of the Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act, 1967.
The Supreme Court declared Rules 18A and 18B of the Maharashtra Poisons Rules, 1972 unconstitutional as violating Articles 14 and 19(1)(g).
The Supreme Court resolved a conflict among High Courts on a question of civil procedure.
The Supreme Court acquitted a man whom a Delhi trial court had convicted under Section 6 of the Protection of Children from Sexual Offences Act, 2012 and Section 363 IPC, a conviction the Delhi High Court had confirmed.
The Supreme Court held that a Motor Accidents Claims Tribunal does not get territorial jurisdiction merely because the insurer carries on business within its limits.
The Supreme Court acquitted a former Railway Protection Force officer who had been convicted in two CBI prosecutions under the Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988.
The Supreme Court dismissed a batch of appeals by the Union of India against orders of the Armed Forces Tribunal and several High Courts granting the disability element of pension to retired service personnel.
The Gauhati High Court decided two linked petitions by two women who described themselves as erosion-affected and landless and who had occupied government land in Guwahati, having bought possession of plots there in 1992 under unregistered sale deeds.
The Gauhati High Court upheld a Foreigners Tribunal's finding that a man from Nagaon district, Assam, is a foreigner who entered India after 25 March 1971, the cut-off date under the special citizenship regime for Assam, after his decades of voter-list evidence failed to convincingly connect him to a father whose own presence in India before that date was never properly proved.
The Gauhati High Court dismissed an insurance company's appeal against a motor-accident compensation award, holding that an insurer cannot resist paying by disputing a technical point on which it offered no evidence of its own.
In a public interest petition by 3S and Our Health Society, the Supreme Court examined the Food Safety and Standards Authority of India's proposal for front-of-package labelling on packaged foods.
The Supreme Court set aside an order of the National Company Law Appellate Tribunal that had rejected an appeal by the Regional Provident Fund Commissioner against the approval of a resolution plan for Rolta India Limited under the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code, 2016.
The Supreme Court dismissed an appeal by Abu Salem Abdul Qayoom Ansari, who sought release on the ground that he had completed 25 years in custody once remission was counted.
The Supreme Court partly allowed an appeal by a man convicted in Meghalaya under Section 4 of the Protection of Children from Sexual Offences Act, 2012 and sentenced to 20 years' rigorous imprisonment.
The Allahabad High Court has circulated to all district and sessions judges, family courts, commercial courts and tribunals in Uttar Pradesh a handbook titled 'Judgments and Gender (Sensitivity and Compassion in Writing Judgments)', directing that it be shared with every judicial officer for information and strict compliance.
The Supreme Court set aside the compulsory retirement of S.S. Das, an Indian Trade Service officer who was retired under Fundamental Rule 56(j) on 10 May 2018, a little under five years before superannuation.
The Supreme Court partly allowed appeals by the Securities and Exchange Board of India against a Securities Appellate Tribunal ruling in favour of Vedanta Limited and three individuals.
The Madhya Pradesh High Court, sitting at Jabalpur, set aside a Family Court order in Katni that had awarded a wife ₹30,000 a month in maintenance under Section 125 of the Code of Criminal Procedure.
The Supreme Court decided whether solatium, interest and interest on solatium for land acquired under the National Highways Act, 1956 should be computed under the Land Acquisition Act, 1894 or the Right to Fair Compensation and Transparency in Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement Act, 2013.
The Supreme Court quashed an FIR registered in Vadodara under Section 69 of the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, which punishes sexual intercourse obtained by deceitful means, including a false promise to marry.
The Supreme Court set aside a National Green Tribunal judgment that had quashed the environmental clearance and consent to establish granted to Punahchakran Private Limited for a common bio-medical waste treatment facility in a rural area of Uttar Pradesh.
The Supreme Court dismissed Sanofi India Ltd.'s appeal against the Karnataka High Court's refusal to quash a CBI case over medicine supplies to the Bhabha Atomic Research Centre.
The Supreme Court upheld the Reserve Bank of India's supersession of the board of directors of Abhyudaya Co-operative Bank Limited, a multi-State co-operative bank, and dismissed appeals by its elected directors against a Bombay High Court judgment.
The Supreme Court set aside a penalty of over ₹425 crore imposed under Section 114 of the Customs Act, 1962 on a trader accused of declaring natural diamonds as lab-grown diamonds to pay a lower tariff.
The Ministry of Finance announced that the Bankers' Books Evidence Act, 2026 will come into force on 1 October 2026, under a notification dated 10 September 2026.
The Commission for Air Quality Management in the National Capital Region and Adjoining Areas (CAQM), a statutory body, approved a revised Graded Response Action Plan (GRAP) schedule at its 30th Full Commission meeting, now comprising 48 actions across Stage I to Stage IV.
The Central Board of Direct Taxes (CBDT) extended the due date for filing Income Tax Returns for Assessment Year 2026-27 for taxpayers whose accounts are required to be audited under the Income-tax Act, 1961, the category listed at Serial No. 2 of the Explanation to Section 139(1).
The Securities and Exchange Board of India issued a final order against 30 people and entities behind Growpital, an online platform (Farm Silo Tech LLP, Yotta Agro Venture and related LLPs) that promised assured, tax-free returns from agricultural investments between 2020 and 2024.
SEBI's final order closed a long-running investigation into whether Adani Enterprises, Adani Power, Adani Ports & SEZ and Adani Transmission breached the minimum public shareholding (MPS) norm, which requires listed companies to keep at least 25% of their shares with the public.
The Election Commission of India announced procedural changes to how it handles discrepancies flagged during the Special Intensive Revision (SIR) of electoral rolls.
The National Human Rights Commission (NHRC) has taken suo motu cognizance of a media report that a 19-year-old woman died by suicide in Jhansi, Uttar Pradesh, after being gang-raped by six persons, including three minors.
The Reserve Bank of India, in a circular dated 24 September 2026 (RBI/2026-2027/270), has directed banks and other regulated entities to implement a Ministry of Home Affairs notification (S.O. 5080(E), dated 16 September 2026) that designates the "Shahzad Bhatti Network (SBN)" as a terrorist organisation.
The SEBI Board, at its 215th meeting held in Mumbai on 24 September 2026, approved a wide set of regulatory changes, the most significant being two full replacements of existing regulations.
The National Human Rights Commission held a statutory Full Commission meeting in New Delhi with representatives of all seven of its deemed members.
The Reserve Bank of India has amended its Master Direction on the Classification, Valuation and Operation of Investment Portfolio for commercial banks, inserting two new paragraphs, 84A and 84B, that for the first time spell out how banks must value units of Infrastructure Investment Trusts (InvITs) and Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs) held in their investment books.
The Reserve Bank of India has amended the Foreign Exchange Management (Export and Import of Goods and Services) Regulations, 2026, by a notification dated 22 September 2026 issued under the Foreign Exchange Management Act, 1999.
The Telecom Regulatory Authority of India has issued the Telecom Consumer Protection (Thirteenth Amendment) Regulations, 2026.
The Telecom Regulatory Authority of India has amended the Telecom Commercial Communications Customer Preference Regulations, 2018 through the Telecom Commercial Communication Customer Preference (Third Amendment) Regulations, 2026, to strengthen action against unsolicited commercial communications.
The Union Cabinet approved a proposal of the Ministry of Labour and Employment to raise the wage ceiling for mandatory coverage under the Employees' Provident Fund Organisation from ₹15,000 to ₹25,000 a month.
The National Human Rights Commission has taken suo motu cognizance of a media report that two workers died of asphyxiation inside a septic tank in Muzaffarpur district, Bihar.
The Department of Consumer Affairs has amended the Consumer Protection (E-Commerce) Rules, 2020, made under the Consumer Protection Act, 2019, through the Consumer Protection (E-Commerce) (Amendment) Rules, 2026.
The Securities and Exchange Board of India announced the launch of 'Demat 2.0', a pilot for tokenising corporate bonds.
The Financial Intelligence Unit-India (FIU-IND), under the Ministry of Finance, has issued notices for non-compliance to fifteen virtual digital asset service providers under Section 13 of the Prevention of Money Laundering Act, 2002.
The Competition Commission of India, by an order dated 2 September 2026 under Section 27 of the Competition Act, 2002, directed the Trustees' Association of India and three debenture trustees, IDBI Trusteeship Services Limited, Axis Trustee Services Limited and SBI CAP Trustee Company Limited, to cease and desist from anti-competitive conduct.
Answer: C. The Court held mere charitable feeding of the poor does not become 'religious' unless integrally connected to a religious festival or observance, applying the test in Narayana Ayyangar.
Read the story →Answer: A. The Court held the right to property survives as a constitutional right under Article 300A, and a sale conducted in breach of mandatory statutory procedure is not a deprivation by authority of law.
Read the story →Answer: B. Relying on Section 27 of the General Clauses Act and K. Bhaskaran, the Court held dispatch to the correct address raises a presumption of service that the drawer must rebut, which he failed to do here.
Read the story →Answer: C. The Court held that admission of CIRP makes the proceeding in rem, so all creditors become stakeholders and withdrawal by the original applicant is barred by Section 12A.
Read the story →Answer: D. Following Union of India v. Raman Iron Foundry, the Court held a disputed overpayment remains an unadjudicated claim for damages, not a debt, until established in accordance with law.
Read the story →Answer: A. The restriction was extended to Sonipat, in addition to the existing districts of Gurugram, Faridabad, Ghaziabad and Gautam Budh Nagar.
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